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Indian Painting Styles...INDEX

Discussion in 'Paintings' started by Yashikushi, Sep 5, 2012.

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  1. Yashikushi

    Yashikushi Moderator IL Hall of Fame

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    Hi
    Warm WELCOME to this place,mini guide for easy navigation.
    Here, in this thread I’m going to give out the details of history, procedure and designs of Indian Painting styles.

    Need your kind co-operation too.
    Please feel free to add Your views (any point to be added/deleted) which will be measured as a treasured bestow to this Mega thread.

    It will take some time to give out details on each topic. As soon the topic is discussed (separate thread will be posted), you can access the title link here.


    Google helped me a lot in collecting the details.[​IMG]


    [​IMG]to the External sites and bloggers.

    Paying my sincere thanking notes to all Content and images contributors.
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    THANK YOU!!!!



    Painting styles of India…..list

    1.Indian Cave Paintings

    2.Indian Folk Paintings


    a. Jadupatua / Chakshudaan Pata Painting(Orissa)

    b. Chittara Painting (Karnataka)

    c. Gond Painting ( Madhya Pradesh)

    d. Kalighat Paintings(Calcutta-West Bengal)

    e. Madhubani/Mithila/ Godhana Painting (Orissa)

    f. Palm Leaf or Talpatra (Orissa)

    g. Pattachitra Painting (Orissa)

    h. Saura Painting (Tribal Art of Orissa)

    j. Phadas/Par Paintings(Rajasthan)

    k. Pata/ Patua Painting/ Scroll Paintings (Midnapur, West Bengal)

    l.Pithora Paintings (Gujarat)

    m. Warli Tribal Painting (Maharastra)




    3.Kalamkari Paintings (Andhra Pradesh)


    4.Marble Paintings


    5.Miniature Paintings (Western Himalayas)


    6.Mysore Paintings(Karnataka)


    7.Mural Paintings (Kerala)


    8..Mali Paintings (Bihar)


    9.Nirmal Paintings(Andhra Pradesh)


    10.Pahari Painting(Himachal Pradesh)


    11.Pichwai Painting (Rajasthan)


    12.Ragamala Paintings


    13.Puri Paintings(Orissa)


    14.Sikh Paintings (Punjab)


    15.Tantra Paintings


    16.Tanjore Paintings(Tamilnadu)


    17.Thangka Paintings (Nepal)



    ***********************************************************


    And some more like….

    Henna Body Painting

    Batik Paintings

    Glass Paintings

    Silk paintings

    Faux Painting

    Natural Dye Paintings of India

    Picasso Painting

    Decorative Wall Painting

    Knife Paintings

    Finger paintings

    Buds Paintings

    Sand painting

    Thread Painting

    Nib Painting

    Ceramic painting

    Meenakari Painting

    Gurjari painting

    Modern Paintings
     
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  2. Yashikushi

    Yashikushi Moderator IL Hall of Fame

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    History of Indian Paintings




    The history of Indian paintings is just about as old as the history of the people of India. The most primitive instances of paintings in India can be traced back to cave paintings. These paintings date as far back as 10,000 B.C. The custom of painting in the subcontinent of India grew and developed with the course of time. It resulted in a completely developed manner, integrating the culture and assurance of the region very much near the beginning. Indian paintings have always clinched to rich color and understandable imagery with the use of precise iconography to create religious figures unmistakably identifiable. The account below cites about the history of Indian paintings. Navigate it to know the illustrious past of Indian paintings.

    History of Primitive Indian Painting
    The initial paintings of India are found in caves, mainly the caves at Bhimbetaka. These are the most primitive amongst the cave paintings. They are just about 12,000 years old. The caves where paintings are found were used as a haven for several centuries. The painters of that times employed natural coloring and animal fats. No wonder, these paintings are astonishingly well preserved. Images found in the caves at Bhimbetaka and in another places depict daily life, early religious representation, animals, hunting and the like.

    History of Ancient Indian Painting
    Buddhist cave temples and monasteries all through India present the unsurpassed examples of early Indian paintings that date from just about 200 B.C. to about 600 A.D. The caves at Ajanta take in monastery complexes that date to the first and second centuries B.C. The wall paintings consist of scores of scenes from the days and life of the Buddha. They are not just a testimony to the devotion of the unidentified painters, but also to the developed methodological proficiency of Indian painting in such an early period.

    History of Medieval Indian Painting
    Just like in the Western countries, a momentous art form in medieval India was manuscript painting. The minuscule masterpieces were worked upon palm leaves or patra-lekhana. The then texts were characteristically sacred and illustrations mirror this. Figures, myths and stories were depicted in a very petite size. The measurement and scope of these minuscule images recommend that the custom of wall painting expectedly continued in this period, even if it has not endured.

    History of Indian Painting from 15th to 19th Century
    Painting in miniatures might have commenced with manuscript painting, but came to final result during the days of Mughals in India. Earlier paintings of India primarily revolved around religious themes; these miniatures often portrayed court scenes or individuals. The Indian paintings during the reign of Mughals in India were a blend of Persian and Indian styles, including more worldly subject matters, bright colors and luxuriant, abstract patterns.

    History of Today’s Indian Painting
    Painting in India these days illustrates upon traditions and plays with recent theories, ideas and media. Works may be figurative and abstract, but some traits have continued themselves in the art of a lot of modern Indian artists. Colors continued to be rich and the stylish impact of conventional Persian and Indian painting can be seen at the side of the influence of modern industry.
    With the course of time, several schools of paintings also came up such as Bengal School of painting, Malwa School of painting, Jaunpur School of painting, Deccan School of painting, Mughal School of painting etc. Several folk forms of paintings also flourished like Warli, Madhubani, Pahari, Mithila etc. The esteem for tradition and the knack to rise above it at the same time is clearly palpable in today’s Indian paintings. This is the real meaning of the description made into the depths of the Indian present-day expression. History of Indian paintings is as celebrated and vivid as the paintings of India.


    Evolution of Indian Painting Styles

    Painting had always been a very powerful language of expression. There is always a thought involved in every brush stroke. Picasso once said “Painting is just another way of keeping a diary”. Talking in Indian context, painting had been a very old fashion in India. It existed before any other language did, it served the purpose of documentation, demonstration and of’ course communication. Though there is no definite proof that since when it started, but, it is believed that oldest paintings are the wall art of the Bhimbetka caves in Madhya Pradesh. Which depicts the paintings from Paleolithic (10,000 B.C.), Mesolithic (5000 B.C.) and Chalcolithic (2000 B.C.) times.
    The impressions of Indian painting exist even in the most nondescript form of work, yet it never goes unnoticed. Rangoli, door outlines, painting the verandahs and the Temples are very good examples. In older times, colors used to play a major role in Indian painting. Indian art is known for using bold color shades and color symbolism in their paintings. Like reds and saffron for valor, Yellow for religion, black for tamas (evil) and whites for satvik (pure/goodness). The subjects of the wall art were mostly inspired by religious literature like Ramayana and Mahabharata, God painting and other themes like bravery, sacrifice, joy, love, and motherhood were the subjects. These wall art went on to become themes for various art and craft in India


    CONTENT COURTESY:::Evolution of Indian Painting Styles


    **************************************************************



    Please refer these files for History of all Indian painting styles



    Indian art

    History of Indian Paintings

    Don't miss these exquisite sites....

    The Legacy of Chitrasutra- One | Sulekha Creative

    The Legacy of Chitrasutra- Three - Badami | Sulekha Creative

    The Legacy of Chitrasutra - Four -Sittannavasal | Sulekha Creative


    Part 1
    The Art of Painting in Ancient India

    Part 2
    The Art of Painting in Ancient India

    Part 3
    The Art of Painting in Ancient India

    Part 4
    Three -The Art of Painting in Ancient India


    Part 5

    The Art of Painting in Ancient India

    The Art of Painting in Ancient India
     
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  3. Yashikushi

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    Classification of Indian Paintings​


    Painting as a form of art has flourished in India since prehistoric times. Unlike western art, these different types of Indian paintings cannot be described in terms of a linear development or chronology but is considered as evolving in parallel manner in course of time and space. There are different styles of paintings which emerged due course of time, different geographic locations, religious and cultural impact. Each style is distinct from other by its essence and technique though there is friendly and complex internal relationship by which they can be recognized as India’s own wealth.



    The Indian painting can be broadly classified as Wall Paintings(Cave paintings-Murals) and Miniature. The different types of paintings fall under this two broad category but again they can be classified depending on their evolution, emergence and style. Almost all of the ancient paintings are engraved on the wall of caves and temples.

    Different types of paintings evolved in different historic period. There are numerous styles that can be recognized. This starts from prehistoric Cave painting of Bhimbhetka and flourishes through cave paintings of Ajanta, Ellora and Bagh. These are all wall paintings.


    The Bhimbhetka is a place in Madhya Pradesh where prehistoric paintings are discovered in numerous caves. The paintings span the period of 600 years starting from upper Paleolithic to early historic and medieval times. The prehistoric men used blunt stone tool to engrave and used branch and twigs as their brush. For colors they used different minerals as well as stone, earth and coals. Cave Paintings of Ajanta and Ellora refers to the Buddhist monks who employed painters to draw the life and teachings of Lord Buddha and Buddha Jataka on the walls of Ajanta caves, where they painted the figures along with their costumes and jewelries in beautiful colors and style while in Ellora caves the paintings are mostly of Hindu deities.


    Indian Murals Paintings are considered to be the earliest evidence of Indian paintings that are made on walls of caves and palaces while miniatures are small-sized colorful, intricate handmade illumination.
    The subjects of murals varied from Buddhism, gaudy pictures of gods and goddesses, highly stylized flora and fauna and engraved sketches on the walls. Kerala murals are an example of highly stylized imagery of gods.


    Indian Folk Paintings are pictorial expressions of village painters, which are marked by the subjects chosen from epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata and other mythological stories. Silk Paintings and fabric paintings are done on cloth or different types of fabric.


    The Miniature Paintings of medieval period include Mugal paintings, Rajasthani paintings, which blossomed under the observation of many kings and royal patronage.


    Mughal Paintings depicts indo-Islamic style of painting and flourished in the ateliers of Mughal emperors Akbar, Jahangir and Shahjahan, which describes neatly the court life of Mughal royal society. his style flourished during 16th to 18th century. Paintings were often used to keep an illustrative record of deeds in wars, court scenes, legendary fables, portraits, hunting scenes, wildlife, etc. It was only after Aurangzeb took command, the decline of Mughal paintings started as he didn’t pay much heed to development of the art.

    Rajasthani Painting(Rajput Painting) are miniature paintings of the finest quality, which are made both on paper and on large pieces of cloth, prospered in the last decades of the 18th century in the royal courts of the Rajputana, India. Highly inspired by the Mughal Paintings, yet cultivated a style of their own. They reflect the rich Rajasthani culture with themes like forts, battlefield, desert scene, women, scenes from epics, etc. Also known as Rajput painting, it branched into various schools Kishangarh,Mewar, Bikaner, Marwar,Alwar,Jodhpuri, Kangra, Dalchand School of paintings. This style of art flourished into not just paintings but also into beautiful art and craft. Mirror work, tie and die painting, flower vase painting, earthen pot painting, framed art of oil paintings, etc are a few examples of its diversification. Though being very local and regional in India, these paintings are highly in demand across the globe.


    Marble paintings(Stone Painting) are miniature paintings that are created on an authentic piece of white marble. Marble is a natural stone with immense beauty and is available in a variety of colors, some of which are particularly used to impart a natural and rugged look to the artifacts. Done with immense perfection and beauty, marble paintings encompass traditional as well as contemporary styles.


    There are many more to name but these are the most distinct style to recognize. Paintings can further be classified according to their different origin. Among numerous types Madhubani/Mithila painting, Pahari painting, Lepakshi painting are most effective to be mentioned.

    The roots of Madhubani Paintings lie in the village of Mithila (Madhuvan), Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh. Hence they are also known as Mithila paintings. The women of the small town named Madhubani and other villages of Mithila mainly do Madhubani Paintings Traditionally these paintings were done on the mud walls, floors of huts, but now they are done on more perishable material like canvas, handmade paper, etc. It is believed that this style sprouted from Dwaparyuga (The time of Ramayana), and matured over the ages. The themes for these paintings are generally Hindu gods like Krishna, Shiva, Rama, Durga, Saraswati, Kali, etc. Interestingly, tools used for these paintings are not conventional; instead they are made with fingers, twigs, pen-nib, natural dyes, etc. Presently, these paintings have become a craze among the ethnicity lovers, as it adds to the ambience of the surroundings.

    Pahari Painting are the miniature paintings evolved in the hilly states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir during the period of Rajput rulers used beautiful scenes of Himalaya as backdrop. There are three distinct schools named Basholi, Guler- Kangra and Sikh.


    Lepakshi Painting are wall paintings made on the walls of temple of Lepakshi, a small village in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh.


    Medium and technique are the two most important aspects of painting. Depending on these, paintings can be further classified as Glass paintings, Patachitra, Marble paintings, Batik, Kalamkari, Silk paintings, Velvet paintings, Palm Leaf Etchings etc.


    Glass Painting is comparatively recent form of painting, which is extremely delightful to the connoisseur’s eyes for its clarity and richness of colors. The glass is engraved and then colored from the reverse side.

    Patachitra flourished in Orissa and is made on cloth with extremely vivid colors and mythology-based subject. Kalighat pots are another form, which made on earthen pot or cloth. These are mainly used as wall hangings. Marble Painting is also a recent form of painting made on exquisite marble stones. The subject can be traditional or contemporary. Marble paintings are mainly used for decorative purpose, especially on tabletop, furniture and flower vases.

    Batik Painting or Wax Writing refers to the technique involves waxing and dewaxing and subtle use of color shades. The process is popular in West Bengal, Orissa and Tamilnadu and is used for dress materials, wall hangings, scarfs etc.

    Kalamkari is the form of art that involves weaving and block printing apart from painting. The border art and rounded forms are its characteristic. This is also used for the purpose of making dress materials and wall hangings.

    Silk Paintings provides the charm and mystique sense of silk is used as canvas of portrait or painting, which gives a very elegant, soft but bright look. Tangkhas- They are silk painted scrolls. After being painted on canvas they are framed by silk brocade woven especially in close appearance of the traditional Chinese brocades. Tibetan monks paint them.


    Warli Paintings- They are exclusive art form of tribal Warli tribes of Maharashtra.

    Palm Leaf Etching is among the most ancient form of art, which evolved mainly in Orissa and known as Talapatrachitra. The ethnic art form essentially consists of inscribing letters and artistic designs on palm-leaf, mostly cut into standard sizes and held together with two wooden plank covers stringed through a hole in the center.


    Tanjore Painting are classical South Indian form of painting which evolved in the village of Thanjavur in Tamil Nadu and well known for its richness and compactness of forms and vivid colors.


    The Bengal School of art (Bengal Paintings) originated in the times of British Raj (20th century). Highly influenced by the present circumstances of British suppression, these paintings were associated with Indian nationalism and patriotism. Interestingly, this style of painting was promoted by British art lovers. It’s much respected form of art due to its significant promotion of Indian patriotism that still inspire the young guns of its motherland. Ravi Varma and Rabanindranath Tagore were notable painters of this school.


    Another very popular form of art is the Framed Art(Oil painting and canvas painting). Where the painted color communicates the thoughts and brings out the finest details of the painting, the frame encases its sheer beauty and distinguishes it from its surroundings by giving it more definition and weight, possibly the best and the most convenient way of exhibiting the paintings. A frame too is a work of art in itself. Tapered corners, layering, embossed and engraved carvings, motifs, etc are a few frame types. Usually, darker tones and metallic colors are used for styling frames.
    The Indian artists adopted Indian Oil paintings as a unique technique of art and Raja Ravi Verma was considered to be the pioneer who made this new medium popular in India through his realistic portraits and paintings.

    Company Painting
    It was created for British clients under the British Raj. From the 19th century, it also initiated art schools on Western lines. It lead to modern Indian painting.

    Modern Indian Painting
    This painting gave birth to several artists like MF Husain, Gaitonde, Jamini Roy and FN Souza. With the development of economy the variety and styles of art went through several changes.


    With the changing times and advent of globalization, Since the 1990s, Indian art took a great leap and blended with the west….Nowadays, contemporary paintings( more commonly known as modern Indian art are deeply influenced by the western concept of sublime composition and mystery hidden in the layers of color) are attracting eyeballs effortlessly, an idiomatic thought, an abstract style, and a cross-cultural approach together giving birth to an artistic language of expression of Indian vision.

    With a look of modernity and a deep rooted meaning hidden in the layers of color makes it an immediate like. One of the most original forms of art, contemporary style of painting gives enormous leverage over the societal norms. The use of undertone backgrounds and pastel colors are quiet prominent in abstract art. Not only it provides gravity but also an air of sophistication to the piece of art. The most interesting fact about the modern Indian art is, though, its style is inspired by the west but its themes are associated with Indian mythology, Hindu gods, women, emotions, etc.

    A perfect blend of modernity and tradition makes it an instant like among the painting lovers. With new artists emerging, the popularity and variety of contemporary Indian paintings is increasing exponentially today.

    Indian painting has never failed to amaze its audience, even across the borders. Being one-of-its-kind, its popularity is unmatched and unthinkable, an attractive amalgamation of uniqueness and richness.
    Different types of Indian paintings have introduced in different times of the history. The forms of paintings have become popular from different regions and finally also found its place in the international domain of art.



    SOURCE

    http://drawing-painting.craftsnarts.info/different-types-of-indian-paintings/

    http://www.stayonline.co.in/2012/07/12/indian-painting-styles-a-cultural-kaleidoscope/

    http://www.itasveer.com/artsmart/gallery/analysis-of-indian-paintings

    http://rivr.sulekha.com/the-art-of-painting-in-ancient-india-chitrasutra-1_364115_blog


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  4. Yashikushi

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    Various Schools of Indian Painting​




    Indian paintings are a subject of beauty, expression, representation of the time, grace and glamour since ages. Tracing from the prehistoric period to the contemporary age, the hands to draw and paint has changed but the essence has been singular, and that is life and humanity. At the same time, one thing didn’t change and that is the Indian spirit in each of them. Various Schools of Indian painting existed through the times when painting started during the pre-historic age and developed with time. These schools gave a new dimension to Indian painting in every genre.

    Each style of Indian painting developed as a cult for the artists of that particular age. The style was either specific to the age or the region that it gained momentum. That particular painting style became so dominant that artists started referring to it as a school of painting. Every school of Indian art had distinct characteristics and a bunch of followers.
    • Bengal School of Painting
    • Mughal School of Painting
    • Company School of Painting
    • Contemporary Indian Painting
    By analyzing various schools of Indian paintings one can understand the nuances present in the paintings of each era and region. Contemporary Indian paintings have acquired a global character. The present generation of Indian artists boasts of their own signature style; Indian paintings have matured to a level where they are at par with Western and European artworks. In order to understand the evolution of the contemporary Indian paintings it is important to know the various styles of Indian painting. After all the present form and character of Indian paintings has originated from the styles practiced by artists of various schools of painting.
    The account below, talks about most important schools of Indian painting. After a brief description of the various schools you can click on the links below to have elaborate information on each style and school.

    Mughal School of Painting
    This school has a specific style of South Asian painting. Usually, it was confined to miniatures either as book depictions or as individual works to be kept in albums. This practice materialized from Persian miniature painting, with Indian influences of Hindu, Buddhist and Jain. It wonderfully blossomed during the Mughal Empire. Later, this school of painting reached other Indian courts of Muslims and Hindus, and afterwards Sikhs. Akbar and Jahangir were exceptionally great patrons of this painting. Mughal School of painting revolved around court scenes, portraits, hunting scenes, lovers, battle fronts etc. Renowned painters included Mir Abdus Samad, Daswant, Basawan, Govardhan, Miskin and Lal.


    Rajput School of Painting
    This school progressed and thrived during the 18th century in the majestic Rajputana courts. This school of painting flooded from the approach of Mughal painting. A typical style of painting with particular common characteristics came up in every Rajput realm. This school illustrated an assortment of themes like landscapes, events from Mahabharata, Ramayana, Krishna’s life and human beings. Several paintings were created on palace walls, fort chambers, havelis etc. but the favorite medium was of Miniatures in manuscripts or single sheets for keeping in albums.

    Mysore School of Painting
    This form of established South Indian painting originated in Karnataka. This school of painting traces its roots from times of Ajanta. When the rulers of Vijayanagar and feudatories under them gave impetus to art, literature, architecture, spiritual and rational discussions; the Vijayanagar School of Painting emerged. Both Mysore and Tanjore traditional schools of painting are off-shoots of this painting. Mysore with Tanjore painting enormously contributed wonderfully to the history of art in India. Muted colors, grace, stylishness and an eye for detail have won laurels to Mysore school of painting. Hindu Mythology largely remained the theme of this school. Hallmark of every traditional Mysore painting is the Gesso work.


    Tanjore School of Painting
    This is another form of traditional South Indian painting in Tamil Nadu. It dates back to a period when Nayakas of Tanjavur motivated art. Tanjore School of painting is celebrated for its vibrant colors, surface opulence and compacted composition. The themes of this school also move around Hindu mythology and saints. These paintings are created on wooden plank, thus were also called palagai padam (palagai-wooden plank; padam-picture) in local jargon. Today, these paintings have turned souvenirs during celebratory occasions in South India, decorative items, or collectors' objects for art connoisseurs.


    Bengal School of Painting
    This School was a fashion of art which progressed during the British Raj in India of early 20th century. Indian nationalism was greatly linked to this painting. British arts administrators also supported and promoted it. Raja Ravi Verma and Abanindranath Tagore were amongst the pioneer artists of this school. Today’s renowned artists who belong to this school include Nilima Dutta, Sudip Roy, Paresh Maiti and Bikash Bhattacharjee.


    Company School of Painting
    This School of painting knocked the door of Indian art in 18th and 19th century. With it, a new genre of painting came up known widely as ‘Company School’. It mainly appeared under the patronage of the British East India Company, thus it was given the name of ‘Company School of painting’. The artists of this School customized their modus operandi to address the British flavor for academic practicality. Sewak Ram and members of the Ghulam Ali Khan folks of Delhi are among the distinguished artists of this School.


    Pahari School of Painting
    This School is an umbrella expression which is used for a type of Indian painting starting off from Hill kingdoms of North Indian Himalayan region, during 17th to19th century. Remarkably Mankot, Basohli, Chamba, Nurpur, Kangra, Garhwal, Mandi, and Guler were the places of creating these exotic paintings. They were frequently created in miniature forms.


    Apart from the above mentioned major schools of painting, there were some minor ones as well. Folk paintings also existed that mirrored the local expressions. These schools of painting and folk paintings are.
    Patna School of painting (a method of Indian Painting of Bihar in 18th and 19th centuries)

    Cheriyal Scroll Painting (a greatly stylized type of narrative Nakashi art), Kalighat painting (initiated in 19th century in Bengal), Kangra painting (pictographic art of Kangra, Himachal Pradesh)

    Manjusha art (one of the ancient and historically very vital Art, often referred to as Snake Paintings by foreigners, originated in West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, and Tarai area of Nepal),
    Warli Painting (named after the tribe in Mumbai where, this painting has its roots)

    Kerala Mural painting (frescos illustrating legends and mythology drawn on the temple walls in South India, particularly Kerala)

    Madhubani painting (also known as Mithila painting, it is practiced in Mithila region of Bihar)

    Patachitra painting (folk painting of Orissa)

    Phad painting (a popular style of folk painting, practiced in Rajasthan)


    Various Schools of Indian painting are versatile and have added to the importance of art works in India. Bengal and Company school of painting have been a radical turn for Indian paintings and their character. However, each school of painting has had a meaningful impact on the present art scenario of India and thus deserves an elaborate appraisal.



    SOURCE:
    Various Schools of Indian Painting

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    Different Schools of Art in India​



    Below listed are the different Schools, Styles and Sub-styles from different periods and geographical locations of India in context of Indian Miniature paintings.

    Ajanta - The unique murals painted mostly on Buddhist themes. The earliest surviving examples of Indian paintings. The wall paintings of Ajanta Caves belong to 2nd Century BC to 6th century AD.

    Bagh - Situated in Madhya Pradesh. The murals of Bagh caves followed Ajanta tradition in 7th Century.

    Pal - One of the earliest styles in which mainly Jain texts were illustrated between 8th to 11th Century.


    South Indian Style - The style flourished between 10th to 13th Century in South.


    Vijaynagar- Flourished in 14th Century in South, particularly in the period of Krishna Dev Ray.


    Tanjavur- Flourished between 9th to 13th Century during the reign of Cholas.


    Deccani Style - An independent style having Persian influence flourished in Deccan

    Beejapur - A Deccani style having lavish use of colors and fine draughtmanship.

    Golconda - The style of Deccan having fine expressions of Mughal assimilation.

    Hydrabad - The style of Deccan, flourished in late period, having variety of subjects.


    Mughal Style - The style having Persian influence, flourished and developed during Akbar's Period and touched its culmination during Jahangir.

    Sultanate - The style developed between 1451 to 1526, particularly during the period of Lodhis.


    Apbhransha - The early style prior to Mughals developed in Gujarat.


    Mandu - The Style flourished during 15th Century during the period of Gayas Khilzi, dominated by Persian influence.


    Chaurpanchashika - The early style prior to Mughals, responsible for the paintings of Champawati and Bilhan.

    Western Gujrat - The style prior to Mughals in which mainly Jain texts were illustrated.

    Imperial Mughal - The painting style flourished when the Mughals were dominating.

    Sub-imperial Mughal - The style having regional and Akbari influence.
    Popular Mughal -
    Provincial Mughal -
    Bazar Mughal - The late paintings of Mughal Period, mainly for sale.
    Avadh - Provincial Mughal
    Murshidabad - Provincial Mughal


    Eastern School - The painting of eastern India.

    Mewar Style - Old painting style of Rajasthan.
    Udaipur - Painting style of Mewar
    Chavand - Painting style of Mewar famous for old Ragamala paintings.
    Nathdwara , Late style of Mewar focused on Shrinathji.
    Devgarha , Thikana style of Mewar.
    Marwar Style - Style of fine paintings of Marwar region.
    Jodhpur- Style of Marwar region famous for Nath influance
    Bikaner- Style of Marwar region, famous for Turbons.
    Kishangarha - World fame style of Marwar region famous for Bani-Thani

    Hadoti Style - Old Style of Rajasthan.
    Bundi - Famous style of Hadoti region.
    Kota- Famous style of Hadoti region for hunting scenes.
    Jhalawad -Assimilated style of Kota and Bundi

    Dhundhar stye - Colorful style of Rajasthan.
    Amber- Early Jaipur style.
    Jaipur- Famous style of Dhundhar region.
    Alwar- Colourful style of Dhundhar region
    Uniyara- Thikana style of Dhundhar region.

    Pahari Style - Style flourished in Himachal Pradesh.
    Kangra- World fame style for Krishna Leela depiction
    Guler- Colorful style of Pahari region, influenced with Kangra
    Mandi- Colorful style of Pahari region, influenced with Kangra
    Chamba- Colorful style of Pahari region, influenced with Kangra
    Noorpur- Colorful style of Pahari region, influenced with Kangra
    Bahu- Sub style of Pahar
    Hindur- Famous style for the depiction of Shakuntalam of Kalidasa
    Garhawal- Famous style of great artist Molaram.
    Basoha- Exceptionally fine, world fame style of Pahar.
    Sikh- The Style of Sikh Kingdoms of Punjab.


    Bengal Style - The style of West-Bengal
    Kalighat - The style of Devi paintings of Bengal.

    Kutch - The style of Kutch region.

    Banaras - Late style of Company style influance.

    Company - The style flourished during company period.

    Thukur - The Great style of Bengal having company influence.


    SOURCE:
    Mughal, Kangra, Kota, Bundi, Pahari, Kishangarha Art Schools, styles and sub styles of Art in context of Indian miniatures

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    Famous Indian Paintings



    Famous Indian paintings represent great expressions of art. They leave insightful impact on viewers’ heart and mind. There is a treasure trove of exquisite and celebrated paintings in India. No wonder, it is unworkable to pick a few famous Indian paintings from among the constellation of Indian paintings. Folk Paintings include Mithila/ Madhubani paintings, Patachitra, Warli,Pichwais, Tangkhas, Phad and Kalamkari. Various schools of Indian paintings have given further impetus to this art. Such schools include Bengal school (contemporary), Kashmiri school, Pahari, Rajasthani and Miniature school of painting. The poise and charm of these paintings is synchronized in the account below.

    Famous Indian Cave Paintings
    Indian Cave Paintings are one of the popular Indian Paintings that date back to the pre-historic and medieval times. Cave paintings in India draw art lovers from all over the planet. Most of them exhibit murals. Some famous Indian Cave Paintings are-
    Bhimbetaka Paintings- They are near Bhopal and consist mainly of animals and birds.
    Ajanta Paintings- They are in Maharashtra and mostly represent life and teachings of Lord Buddha.
    Ellora Paintings- They are also in Maharashtra and have two different series. The first revolves around Lord Vishnu and Goddess Lakshmi and the second illustrates several processions of Shaiva holy men, Apsaras, etc.
    Bagh Paintings- These paintings of Madhya Pradesh embody flagpole superb traditions of Indian art form.
    Sittanavasal Paintings- These paintings are close to Trichy. Majority of these cave paintings are based on the Pandyan period of 9th century. These paintings include fish, ducks, people collecting lotuses from a pond, animals, two dancing figures etc. You can also find inscriptions as old as 9th and 10th century.
    Ardhamandapam’s ceiling is ornamented with murals from 7th century.


    Famous Medieval Paintings.
    Rajput Painting- It bloomed during 18th century. These paintings had distinct styles, but certain common features. They illustrated several themes, events of epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata, Krishna's life, striking landscapes and humans. Preferred medium of Rajput painting were miniatures, but numerous manuscripts also hold Rajput paintings.

    Mughal Painting- These paintings went through extensive cultural development, especially miniature paintings. Like binoculars, you can see Indian Medieval history through them. Mughal painting was rooted in a varied blend of religious, cultural and artistic traditions. Miniature paintings turned one of the most productive schools. They were outstanding in the history of Islamic art. Famous artists of Mughal paintings were Abdus Samad, Mir Sayid Ali, Basawan, Lal, Miskin, Kesu Das, Daswanth, Govardhan, Mushfiq, Fazl and Kamal.

    Mysore Painting- Mysore painting originated in Mysore, Karnataka. These paintings are recognized for their grace, soft colors, and concentration on detail. Themes for maximum of these paintings are Hindu Gods and Goddesses and sights from Hindu mythology.

    Tanjore Painting- These painting were native to the town of Tanjore, Tamil Nadu. They date back to the early 9th century. They mainly focus on Hindu deities and Hindu mythological scenes.


    Famous Modern and Contemporary Indian Painting
    Indian painting turned a new way when the British arrived. Emergence of an Indo-European genre of painting occurred which was known as the Company style with the rise of political awareness Indian art once again came into its own. The National Gallery of Modern Art, New Delhi houses this collection. Broadly the essential characteristics of modern and contemporary art are independence from invention, the recognition of an eclectic approach. Artistic expression in the international perspective was placed against the regional and a positive rise of method became supreme.

    Two famous names of 20th century Indian art are Rabindranath Tagore and. Some of Amrita Shergil’s famous paintings include Siesta, Hill Women, Brahmacharis etc. At this time, Indians were not only combating for political independence, but were also releasing themselves from their conventional mind-sets.

    Much of the art of this age illustrates this lately emerging social awareness.
    Painting now turned bold and irate at one end, supple and thrilling at the other. Other names of India's contemporary art scene comprise of Bhupen Khakkar, Sundaram, Jiaur Rahman, Satish Gupta and Gulam Muhammed Sheikh, M.F. Hussain, Amit Ambalal and Jatin Das. Most contemporary Indian paintings contain literal imagery and highly charged color, creating a rainbow of humanity and human condition.

    Nearly every artist began with representational or figurative art kind or the other touched with expressionism or post-expressionism and impressionism. Exasperating connection of form and content was usually kept at a complementary level. Then through elimination and simplifications, cubism, abstraction and various expressionistic trends, artists reached near non-figurative and entirely non-figurative levels.

    Raja Ravi Verma is a notable modern artist. His famous paintings include Shakuntala, Lady Lost in Thought, Arjuna and Subhadra.
    Rabanindranath Tagore is another celebrated name here. His renowned paintings include Bharat Mata, Krishna-Lila series, Lovelorn Yaksha, Laila-Majnu the Omar Khayyam series, Gandhi-Tagore, A Drop of Tear on Sun Worship, Nandotsav, Alamgir, Kutum-Kutim and Kavi-Kankan Chandi. Hemen Majumdar is another artist of eminence. Lady with Lamb and Cure of all Ills are amongst his renowned paintings.

    Jamini Roy was among the most momentous painters of 20th Century. Some of his famous paintings include Cats Sharing a Prawn, Makara, Crucifixion with Attendant Angels, St. Ann and the Blessed Virgin, Cats Plus, Virgin And Child, Krishna And Radha Dancing, Kitten, Warrior King, Ravana and Santhal Boy with Drum.

    Apart from them, there are various paintings of great eminence by different painters like Jyotirindranath Tagore, F.N. Souza (modern artists). Triptych Celebration by Tyeb Mehta Abhimanyu by Dhiraj Chaudhury, Bengal Famine by Jainul Abedin, portraits of Rabindranath Tagore, Indira Gandhi, Satyajit Ray and Samaresh Basu by Bikash Bhattacharya, Horse-series by M.F. Hussain are widely acclaimed.

    Famous Indian paintings enjoy their own importance. They employ materials and methods from all over the planet but articulate Indian realities. Esteem for tradition and ability to surpass it is clearly apparent in these paintings. This is the spirit of what has been depicted as the eclecticism of Indian expression through paintings.


    Source:
    Various Schools of Indian Painting

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    Great Painters of India​



    India is the proud owner of numerous great painters whose sensitivities have influenced the planet. Many of these painters have brought exorbitant sums at global auctions. Indian painters are celebrated all over the globe. Their talent has made the world to recognize them exceptionally. The account below cites about great painters of India.

    Great Indian Painters of Medieval Period
    Medieval India witnessed several ingenious painters. Some of them are
    Abdus Samad- He was so skilled that Emperor Akbar gave him the title of ‘Shirin-Kalam’ or Sweet Pen.

    Daswant- He showed signs of being a great painter since childhood. He reached the great heights of glory.

    Basawan- He was an expert at painting backdrops, drawing features and color distribution.

    Other celebrated painters of this age were Mukand, Miskin, Mir Saiyid Ali, Nadir, Bishan Das, Murad, Manohar, Farrukh Beg, Bishan Das, Goverdhan, and Mansur.

    Great Indian Modern and Contemporary Painters
    Raja Ravi Varma (1848-1906) He is popular for his portrayal of scenes from the great epics- Mahabharata and Ramayana. His paintings are remembered because of gracefully portrayed sari clad women. He is known to be a rationalist among moderns and modern among traditionalists.

    Rabanindranath Tagore (1871-1951) He continued his legacy of artists and painters. While he was busy with his artworks for the nation; India got her Father of India's Modern Art in the form of this classical painter.

    Nandalal Bose (1883-1966) He was greatly influenced by Abanindranath Tagore. He was the first to introduce modern Indian style of painting in India. He was instrumental in shaping the fresh face of traditional art by his deep nationalistic thoughts and philosophical inclination. He gave an exemplary touch of renaissance to Indian painting.

    Jamini Roy (1887-1972) An influential painter of the 20th century, his paintings focused on joys and sorrows of everyday life of rural Bengal. He also worked upon religious themes and aboriginal Santhals.

    Mukul Chandra Dey (1895-1989) He was an established artist and bright student of Santiniketan during Rabindranath Tagore's era; he was the first Indian to reach overseas to learn printmaking as a form of art and profession.

    Bhabesh Chandra Sanyal (1901-2003) He is credited to have ushered in an era of modernism in Indian art. A painter, a sculptor and a teacher of art, B. C. Sanyal lived through the various partitions that India witnessed in 1905, 1947 and 1971. His paintings articulate this impact.

    Amrita Shergill (1913-1941) She was amongst the most magnetic and gifted Indian painters of the pre-colonial era. Majority of her paintings flamboyantly mirror strong impact of the Western painting modes. More importantly, her paintings reflect her reaction to the life of Indians.

    Maqbool Fida Hussain (1915-2011) His paintings articulated themselves. He blended ethnic and mythological themes to craft bright and implausible art form.

    Syed Haider Raza (1922) He is a globally acclaimed Indian painter. Since 1950s, he has worked from France; still he maintains close connection with India. Initially he created figurative paintings, he steadily moved on to abstract later.

    Francis Newton Souza (1924-2002) He was amongst that early crop of painters who are credited for popularizing Indian art in the West. His paintings fetched more than million dollars.

    Tyeb Mehta (1925-2009) He was a versatile painter. He also dabbled in filmmaking and registered his presence there. When he held the record for the highest price ever paid for an Indian painting in a public auction; his triptych painting Celebration fetched Rs. 15 million.

    Satish Gujral (1925) He has tried out plastic art, graphics and sculpture murals. He is the winner of National Award for three times. In 1999, he was conferred upon with Padma Vibhushan.

    Bikash Bhattacharjee (1940-2006) He won National Award and Padma Shri along with numerous others. He is renowned for impressive depiction of reality and surrealism and won laurels to the name of his motherland.

    Anjolie Ela Menon (1940) She is among those contemporary female artists who are renowned internationally. Her works are significantly appreciated across the globe. One of her art works, 'Yatra' was lately selected by the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, California in 2006.

    Manjit Bawa (1941-2008) He is famous for his conspicuous portrayal of simplicity and spirituality through his paintings. He was undoubtedly one of the highly-skilled artists India has ever had.

    Rameshwar Broota (1941) He is amongst the most important Indian painters in the present times. He has an inherent passion for art. He went to become the head of the renowned institute ‘Triveni Kala Sangam’ in 1967.

    Great painters of India are India’s treasure and its pride. Their untiring art works and sincere enthusiasm and devotion to their art work made them earn fame all over the world.


    Source:

    Analysis of Indian Paintings

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    Yashikushi Moderator IL Hall of Fame

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    With all your greatest possible degree of Encouragement,I'm commencing ahead of this dream project of mine.



    [​IMG] Go through the information,as I have planned to [​IMG] the topic(s) only once in a week.


    First topic....next week........Kerala murals.

    Keep your fingers(brushes) crossed. [​IMG]


     
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    Yashikushi Moderator IL Hall of Fame

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    Next Tittle....Kalamkari Paintings
     
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    Yashikushi Moderator IL Hall of Fame

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    Next Painting style in Detail would be Madhubani[​IMG]
     
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